Celebrate Florida Archaeology Month
Learn about Florida’s history through the artifacts and objects found at our state parks.
Research shows that the Mayaca people lived in what would become Central Florida for more than 12,000 years before Spanish explorers encountered them in the 16th century. A plentiful supply of fish, shellfish and other marine creatures in areas along the St. Johns River and on what is now Hontoon Island State Park created a desirable place for the Mayaca people to live. Numerous shell middens have been discovered on the island in addition to several totems.
In 1955, an owl totem approximately 10 feet tall was discovered in the river. The intended use of the totem remains a mystery.
It is thought that the totem was displayed as a territorial marker, indicating the area belonging to the Mayaca. Some researchers think the owl totem had spiritual significance and was used as a means of protection. The Mayaca people are thought to have used stones and shark teeth to carve the details into the wood.
As a territorial marker, it tells us that the Mayaca people claimed this area as their home. They likely took great pride in living here and protecting the land from outsiders. As a spiritual totem, it shows that the Mayaca may have had a personal belief system. This also points to development of community. They likely would have discussed their beliefs and passed them along to following generations.
A replica of the owl totem stands near the area where the pole was discovered as a means of remembering the Mayaca.
